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Since warmer water thus can hold more salt and other molecules than cold water; it can have a higher salinity. To relate this to ocean currents, the higher the salinity of ocean water, the more dense it becomes.Currents may also be caused by density differences in water masses due to temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline) variations via a process known as thermohaline circulation. These currents move water masses through the deep ocean—taking nutrients, oxygen, and heat with them.Together with temperature, salinity controls the density of seawater, determining whether it sinks or floats. Salinity has a major effect on the flow of deep ocean currents that move heat from the tropics to the poles and affect global climate.
- Evaporation.
- Precipitation.
- The Influx of River Water.
- Atmospheric Pressure and Wind Direction.
- Circulation of Oceanic Water.
Table of Contents
Does salinity cause currents?
Currents may also be caused by density differences in water masses due to temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline) variations via a process known as thermohaline circulation. These currents move water masses through the deep ocean—taking nutrients, oxygen, and heat with them.
Why is salinity important to ocean currents?
Together with temperature, salinity controls the density of seawater, determining whether it sinks or floats. Salinity has a major effect on the flow of deep ocean currents that move heat from the tropics to the poles and affect global climate.
How do ocean currents work? – Jennifer Verduin
Images related to the topicHow do ocean currents work? – Jennifer Verduin
What are the factors affecting salinity?
- Evaporation.
- Precipitation.
- The Influx of River Water.
- Atmospheric Pressure and Wind Direction.
- Circulation of Oceanic Water.
How do temperature and salinity affect deep water currents?
A)They create density differences that cause dense deepwater currents to flow toward the equator where they displace less dense, warmer water above them. B)As temperatures and salinity levels of water increase, the water rises to the surface where it creates currents as it moves to colder regions.
What is ocean salinity?
The concentration of salt in seawater (its salinity) is about 35 parts per thousand; in other words, about 3.5% of the weight of seawater comes from the dissolved salts. In a cubic mile of seawater, the weight of the salt (as sodium chloride) would be about 120 million tons.
What happens when water’s salinity increases?
The density of water increases as the salinity increases. The density of seawater (salinity greater than 24.7) increases as temperature decreases at all temperatures above the freezing point. The density of seawater is increased by increasing pressure.
What would happen if the salinity in the ocean decreased?
A few hours later, virtually all marine life would die as their cells swelled and ruptured due to osmosis (water molecules move towards areas of higher salt concentration). They would sink to the ocean floor, but their bodies wouldn’t decompose, because all marine bacteria would be dead too.
See some more details on the topic How do ocean currents affect salinity? here:
Thermohaline Circulation – Currents – National Ocean Service
As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink. Surface water is pulled in to replace the sinking water, which in turn eventually …
NASA Mission Measures How Ocean Salinity Affects Climate …
Saltier water is heavier and will sink deeper in the ocean, where it joins currents that circulate water around the globe. These currents—such …
Ocean Currents and Climate | National Geographic Society
Ocean currents, including the ocean conveyor belt, play a key role in determining how the ocean distributes heat energy throughout the planet, …
How does climate change increase salinity?
Studies incorporating both observations and climate model simulations of global warming indicate that over time, precipitation will increase in rainy areas and evaporation will increase in dry areas, making fresh areas of the ocean fresher and salty areas of the ocean saltier.
What are the factors which affect ocean salinity also explain the causes and impact of the distribution of salinity?
Oceanic salinity is affected by factors such as temperature, ingress of fresh water and mixing of currents. Oceanic salinity plays important role in the growth of marine organisms, circulation of oceanic currents and distribution of temperature and rainfall across the globe.
NASA Ocean Salinity Affecting Currents
Images related to the topicNASA Ocean Salinity Affecting Currents
How does temperature affect salinity?
With increasing temperature, salinity decreases….and conversely, with decreasing temperature, salinity increases.
Which factors cause the ocean currents?
- The rise and fall of the tides. Tides create a current in the oceans, which are strongest near the shore, and in bays and estuaries along the coast. …
- Wind. Winds drive currents that are at or near the ocean’s surface. …
- Thermohaline circulation.
Which type of current occurs because of differences in salinity and temperature?
Thermohaline circulation describes the movement of ocean currents due to differences in temperature and salinity in different regions of water. Temperature and salinity change the density of water, resulting in the water to move accordingly. Cold water is usually denser than warm water (4°C is where water is densest).
Is cold ocean water saltier than warm ocean water?
Warm surface water is generally saltier than the cooler deep or polar waters; in polar regions, the upper layers of ocean water are cold and fresh.
How do temperature and salinity affect deepwater currents quizlet?
Lower temperatures and ? salinity increase the density of water, and more dense water will sink beneath less dense water. deep water currents form as a result of these differences. These deep-flowing currents are called thermohaline currents.
How did the oceans become salty?
From precipitation to the land to the rivers to the sea
The rain physically erodes the rock and the acids chemically break down the rocks and carries salts and minerals along in a dissolved state as ions. The ions in the runoff are carried to the streams and rivers and then to the ocean.
Why does salinity vary in different seas and oceans?
Oceans can vary in salinity by deficiencies/overabundance of fresh water (evaporation/precipitation), as the measure of saltiness is given in the form of a concentration. Salt concentration varies as well because oceans do not stand still.
Where is ocean salinity the highest?
Of the five ocean basins, the Atlantic Ocean is the saltiest. On average, there is a distinct decrease of salinity near the equator and at both poles, although for different reasons. Near the equator, the tropics receive the most rain on a consistent basis.
Global Conveyor belt-Ocean Currents caused by temperature and Salinity
Images related to the topicGlobal Conveyor belt-Ocean Currents caused by temperature and Salinity
How does salinity and density move ocean currents?
As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink. Surface water is pulled in to replace the sinking water, which in turn eventually becomes cold and salty enough to sink. This initiates the deep-ocean currents driving the global conveyer belt.
How does temperature and salinity affect the density of ocean water?
The density of seawater depends on temperature and salinity. Higher temperatures decrease the density of seawater, while higher salinity increases the density of seawater.
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