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Scientists also discovered that the thinning in the ozone layer was caused by increasing concentrations of ozone-depleting chemicals – chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs (compounds with chlorine and/or fluorine attached to carbon) and to a lesser extent halons (similar compounds with bromine or iodine).The ozone hole occurs during the Antarctic spring, from September to early December, as strong westerly winds start to circulate around the continent and create an atmospheric container. Within this polar vortex, over 50 percent of the lower stratospheric ozone is destroyed during the Antarctic spring.But in the early 1980s, through a combination of ground-based and satellite measurements, scientists began to realize that Earth’s natural sunscreen was thinning dramatically over the South Pole each spring. This thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica came to be known as the ozone hole.
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What is the ozone hole and how was it formed?
The ozone hole occurs during the Antarctic spring, from September to early December, as strong westerly winds start to circulate around the continent and create an atmospheric container. Within this polar vortex, over 50 percent of the lower stratospheric ozone is destroyed during the Antarctic spring.
When did ozone hole form?
But in the early 1980s, through a combination of ground-based and satellite measurements, scientists began to realize that Earth’s natural sunscreen was thinning dramatically over the South Pole each spring. This thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica came to be known as the ozone hole.
Why is there a Hole in the Ozone Layer? + more videos | #aumsum #kids #science #education #children
Images related to the topicWhy is there a Hole in the Ozone Layer? + more videos | #aumsum #kids #science #education #children
Where do ozone holes form?
The severe depletion of the Antarctic ozone layer known as the “ozone hole” occurs because of the special atmospheric and chemical conditions that exist there and nowhere else on the globe. The very low winter temperatures in the Antarctic stratosphere cause polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) to form.
How CFC can cause ozone hole?
An example is CFC-12 (CCI2F2), used as a refrigerant in refrigerators and air conditioners and as a foam blowing agent. Gaseous CFCs can deplete the ozone layer when they slowly rise into the stratosphere, are broken down by strong ultraviolet radiation, release chlorine atoms, and then react with ozone molecules.
Who discovered ozone hole?
In 1985 Jonathan Shanklin was a junior researcher at BAS when he discovered a hole in the invisible shield that protects us from solar radiation. We catch up with him to learn about his work and how it has made a difference. It’s 36 years since scientists first discovered the hole in the ozone layer.
Which country has the biggest hole in the ozone layer?
A NASA instrument has detected an Antarctic ozone “hole” (what scientists call an “ozone depletion area”) that is three times larger than the entire land mass of the United States—the largest such area ever observed.
What is ozone hole in simple words?
The term ‘ozone hole’ refers to the depletion of the protective ozone layer in the upper atmosphere (stratosphere) over Earth’s polar regions.
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The ozone hole – Discovering Antarctica
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Ozone hole facts – NASA Ozone Watch
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Ozone depletion – Wikipedia
The main causes of ozone depletion and the ozone hole are manufactured chemicals, especially manufactured halocarbon refrigerants, solvents, propellants, and …
Can we see ozone layer?
Though we cannot see it, the ozone layer is part of the stratosphere. This photo of Earth’s atmosphere was taken from the International Space Station. Each year a “hole” forms in the ozone layer over the South Pole. It isn’t a literal hole, and you cannot see it with your eyes.
How big is the ozone hole?
This year, NASA satellite observations determined the ozone hole reached a maximum of 9.6 million square miles (24.8 million square kilometers) – roughly the size of North America – before beginning to shrink in mid-October.
How long does the ozone hole last?
Based on scientific assessments, the ozone layer is expected to return to pre-1980 levels around the middle of the century. Healing is slow because of the long lifespan of ozone-depleting molecules. Some persist in the atmosphere for 50 to 150 years before decaying.
Climate 101: Ozone Depletion | National Geographic
Images related to the topicClimate 101: Ozone Depletion | National Geographic
How ozone hole is formed Class 9?
Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are the main cause of ozone layer depletion. These are released by solvents, spray aerosols, refrigerators, air-conditioners, etc. The molecules of chlorofluorocarbons in the stratosphere are broken down by ultraviolet radiations and release chlorine atoms.
Is ozone a greenhouse gas?
Ozone is technically a greenhouse gas, but ozone is helpful or harmful depending on where it is found in the earth’s atmosphere.
Is CFC a greenhouse gas?
HFCs, CFCs and HFCs are a subset of a larger group of climate changing gases called greenhouse gases (GHGs). Taken together greenhouse gases are expected to warm the planet by 2.5 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of century.
What are examples of CFC?
- a) Refrigerators and air conditioners – Refrigerants are the most common emitter of CFC. …
- b) Aircraft halon – Aviation industries in some countries are still using fire suppression system with halon. …
- c) Aerosol sprays – Aerosol cans and propellant liquid use gases containing CFCs.
Is the ozone hole permanent?
Scientists have found evidence that the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica is finally beginning to heal. If progress continues, it should be closed permanently by 2050.
Which gas is most harmful for ozone layer?
- Chlorofluorocarbon gas is the most harmful to the ozone layer. …
- Chlorofluorocarbons contain carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. …
- It allows more alpha rays from the sun to reach the surface of the earth which may lead to skin cancer.
What do CFCs stand for?
CFCs are gases that were widely used in the past in things such as aerosols and refrigerators and can cause damage to the ozone layer. CFC is an abbreviation for ‘chlorofluorocarbon‘.
Which country has no ozone layer?
Antarctica, where ozone depletion has been most severe due to very low temperatures is expected to recover much more slowly.
The Ozone Layer – Part 1 | Environmental Chemistry | Chemistry | FuseSchool
Images related to the topicThe Ozone Layer – Part 1 | Environmental Chemistry | Chemistry | FuseSchool
What happens if ozone layer is destroyed?
A diminished ozone layer allows more UV radiation to reach the Earth’s surface. For people, overexposure to UV rays can lead to skin cancer, cataracts, and weakened immune systems. Increased UV can also lead to reduced crop yield and disruptions in the marine food chain.
Why does Australia have a hole in the ozone?
The stratospheric ozone layer absorbs the biologically damaging wavelengths of ultraviolet (UV) rays but in the 1970s, Australia’s ozone layer was severely thinned as a consequence of heavy use of ozone-depleting, substances such as chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) and hydro-chloroflurocarbons (HCFCs).
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